Reported Speech

 Reported Speech

    

Direct Speech		Reported Speech
Present Simple	write(s)	Past Simple	wrote
Present Continuous	is/are writing	Past Continuous	was/were writing
Present Perfect	has written	Past Perfect	had written
Present Perfect Continuous	have/has been writing	Past Perfect Continuous	had been writing
Past Simple	wrote	Past Perfect	had written
Past Continuous	was/were writing	Past Perfect Continuous	had been writing
Future	will write	Conditional	would write
Modal Verbs – can; may, must ... write		Modal Verbs – could; might, had to .... write
Imperative	Write! Don’t write!	Infinitive	to write not to write

       

Some changes you have to pay attention to:

Time:
Now - at the time, then
Today - that day, on Monday etc
Tomorrow - the next/ the following day
Yesterday - the day before/ the previous day
This week - that week
Last week - the week before/ the previous week
an hour ago - an hour before/ earlier

Place:
here - there
this - that

these - those

Person:
you - I, she, he, we I - he/she
my - his/her

Changes aren't usually made if:

- the reporting verb is in the present: "I hope to see you soon" - She hopes to see you//him/ her soon.

- what is reported is still true: "I'm going to have a new house next month." - She said she's going to have a new house next month.

- modal verbs should, might, could, would and ought to are reported: "Cruz might already have arrived." - She said that Cruz might already have arrived.
For more information go to grammar books or visit, for instance, these links: 

https://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-grammar/tense-changes-when-using-reported-speech/

https://www.ef.com/english-resources/english-grammar/changing-time-and-place-references/

Examples:

“I love my new black jacket.”, Diana said. - Present Simple - Past Simple
 Diana said she loved her new black jacket.

" I went to this excellent shop yesterday," Rodrigo explained. - Past Simple - Past Perfect
Rodrigo explained Lourenço he had gone to that excellent shop the day before.

"They are going to the pool now", Guilherme shouted. - Present continuous - Past Continuous
Guilherme shouted they were going to the pool then.

"I was watching the movie at six o'clock", Henrique whispered. - Past Continuous - Past Perfect Continuous
Henrique whispered he was watching/ had been watching the movie at six o'clock.

"André has bought a new house in the city centre", Mariana shared with Carlos. - Present Perfect - Past Perfect
Mariana shared with Carlos that André had bought a new house in the city centre.

“I’ll buy a new cap”, Zé told Tomás. -Future "will" - Would
Zé told Tomás he would buy a new cap.

Note: Sentences in the Past Perfect and Past Perfect Continuous do not change.

Reported Questions

These questions are usually introduced with inquire, ask, want to know, wonder. When questions begin with a question word (what, when, where...), you also use it in your reported speech. 
Have a look:

"What is your favourite dish?" Margarida wanted to know.

Margarida wanted to know what my favourite dish was.

However, questions might also begin with an auxiliary verb (is, have, do) or with a modal.

 In this case, you have to introduce if or whether in your reported speech. 

Check it out:

"Do you like ice cream?" Margarida asked me.

Margarida asked if I liked ice cream.

Now it's time to work:

Challenge 1
Challenge 2
Challenge 3
Challenge 4
Challenge 5